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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalem | om jøndarkale |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalet | ot jøndarkale |
| 3SG: | jøndarkala | ok/ogeʃ jøndarkale |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalena | ona/ogəna jøndarkale |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaleda | oda/ogəda jøndarkale |
| 3PL: | jøndarkalat | ogət jøndarkale |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkaləʃəm | ʃəm jøndarkale |
| 2SG: | jøndarkaləʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ jøndarkale |
| 3SG: | jøndarkaləʃ | əʃ jøndarkale |
| 1PL: | jøndarkaləʃna | əʃna jøndarkale |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaləʃda | əʃda jøndarkale |
| 3PL: | jøndarkaləʃt | əʃt jøndarkale |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalenam | jøndarkalen oməl |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalenat | jøndarkalen otəl |
| 3SG: | jøndarkalen | jøndarkalen ogəl |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalenːa | jøndarkalen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | jøndarkalenda | jøndarkalen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | jøndarkalenət | jøndarkalen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalem əʎe | om jøndarkale əʎe |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalet əʎe | ot jøndarkale əʎe |
| 3SG: | jøndarkala əʎe | ok/ogeʃ jøndarkale əʎe |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalena əʎe | ona/ogəna jøndarkale əʎe |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaleda əʎe | oda/ogəda jøndarkale əʎe |
| 3PL: | jøndarkalat əʎe | ogət jøndarkale əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalem ulmaʃ | om jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalet ulmaʃ | ot jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jøndarkala ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaleda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jøndarkalat ulmaʃ | ogət jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalenam əʎe | jøndarkalen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalenat əʎe | jøndarkalen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | jøndarkalen əʎe | jøndarkalen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalenːa əʎe | jøndarkalen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | jøndarkalenda əʎe | jøndarkalen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | jøndarkalen əʎe | jøndarkalen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalenam ulmaʃ | jøndarkalen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalenat ulmaʃ | jøndarkalen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jøndarkalen ulmaʃ | jøndarkalen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalenːa ulmaʃ | jøndarkalen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | jøndarkalenda ulmaʃ | jøndarkalen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jøndarkalen ulmaʃ | jøndarkalen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jøndarkale | it jøndarkale |
| 3SG: | jøndarkaləʒe | ənʒe jøndarkale |
| 1PL: | (jøndarkalena) | (ona/ogəna jøndarkale) |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaləza | ida jøndarkale |
| 3PL: | jøndarkaləʃt | ənəʃt jøndarkale |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalənem | ənem jøndarkale |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalənet | ənet jøndarkale |
| 3SG: | jøndarkaləneʒe | əneʒ jøndarkale |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalənena | ənena jøndarkale |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaləneda | əneda jøndarkale |
| 3PL: | jøndarkaləneʃt | əneʃt jøndarkale |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jøndarkalənem əʎe | ənem jøndarkale əʎe |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalənena əʎe | ənet jøndarkale əʎe |
| 3SG: | jøndarkaləneʒe əʎe | əneʒ jøndarkale əʎe |
| 1PL: | jøndarkalənena əʎe | ənena jøndarkale əʎe |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaləneda əʎe | əneda jøndarkale əʎe |
| 3PL: | jøndarkaləneʃt əʎe | əneʃt jøndarkale əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jøndarkalənet ulmaʃ | ənet jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jøndarkaləneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jøndarkaləneda ulmaʃ | əneda jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jøndarkaləneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt jøndarkale ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jøndarkalaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jøndarkaləman |
| Active participle: | jøndarkaləʃe |
| Passive participle: | jøndarkaləme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jøndarkaləʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | jøndarkalədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jøndarkalen |
| Negative gerund: | jøndarkaləde |
| Gerund of prior action: | jøndarkaləmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jøndarkaləmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jøndarkaləʃəla |
| Nominalization: | jøndarkaləmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | jøndarkalədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||